Contents-

• Step 1: Install Apache2
• Step 2: Install MySQL and Create Database for Magento2
• Step 3: Install PHP and required extensions
• Step 4: Install and configure Elasticsearch
• Step 5: Install Composer
• Step 6: Download and Install Magento2
• Wrapping up

Before starting the installation, you can check the system requirement for installing Magento2 here.

Step 1: Install Apache2

First, we will install Apache web server. Connect to your server using ssh protocol with root access and run this command:

Apache is available in Ubuntu’s default software repositories. For this reason, we’ll start by updating the local package index for the latest changes.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install apache2

sudo apache2ctl -v

To verify if apache2 was install properly, in your browser, enter your domain or ip address or 127.0.0.1. If the result is apache default page => everything is fine

To enable auto startup for apache, use this command:

systemctl is-enabled apache2

Apache will be automatically started everytime you reboot your server.

Step 2: Install MySQL and Create Database for Magento2

Install MySQL using apt command:

sudo apt install mysql-server

When prompted, typing Y to confirm installation and then press ENTER.

When the installation is complete, lets check the mysql version

Configure Password Access for the MySQL Root Account

Login with root user.

sudo mysql

SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_secure_password';

exit

Create new MySQL user for Magento 2

Login with root user.

mysql -u root -p

SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;

CREATE USER 'magento2'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_secure_password';

ALTER USER 'magento2'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your_secure_password';

Grant all privileges to magento2 users.

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'magento2'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;

exit

Create Magento 2 database

Lets create the database for our magento2: –

mysql -u magento2 -p

CREATE DATABASE magento2;

exit

Step 3: Install PHP and required extensions

In this step, we will install PHP. Magento 2.4 require PHP 7.4, so we will install php 7.4 in this tutorial.

Update your APT repositories.

sudo apt update

Install PHP 8.1 and packages with command:

sudo apt install php8.1 libapache2-mod-php php-mysql

php -v

Step 4: Install and configure Elasticsearch

From Magento 2.4, Elasticsearch has become compulsory component. From Magento 2.4, catalog search will no longer use mysql, instead the system will use Elasticsearch by default.

So let’s install and configure it.

Install Elasticsearch

First, we will install Openjdk17 (Java) as Elasticsearch runs on Java:

sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk

java -version

sudo apt install curl

sudo curl -sSfL https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo gpg --no-default-keyring --keyring=gnupg-ring:/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/magento.gpg --import

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/apt stable main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-7.x.list'

sudo chmod 666 /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/magento.gpg

sudo apt update

sudo apt install elasticsearch

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service

sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service

Configure Elasticsearch

Once the elasticsearch has been installed on your system, open the elasticsearch.yml configuration file.

Now that you have installed Elasticsearch and its Java dependency, it is time to configure Elasticsearch.

The Elasticsearch configuration files are in the /etc/elasticsearch directory. The ones we’ll review and edit are:

• elasticsearch.yml — Configures the Elasticsearch server settings. This is where most options are stored, which is why we are mostly interested in this file.
• jvm.options — Provides configuration for the JVM such as memory settings.

The first variables to customize on any Elasticsearch server are node.name and cluster.name in elasticsearch.yml. Let’s do that now.

As their names suggest, node.name specifies the name of the server (node) and the cluster to which the latter is associated. If you don’t customize these variables, a node.name will be assigned automatically in respect to the server hostname. The cluster.name will be automatically set to the name of the default cluster.

The cluster.name value is used by the auto-discovery feature of Elasticsearch to automatically discover and associate Elasticsearch nodes to a cluster. Thus, if you don’t change the default value, you might have unwanted nodes, found on the same network, in your cluster.

Let’s start editing the main elasticsearch.yml configuration file. Open it using nano or your preferred text editor:

sudo nano /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml

Remove the # character at the beginning of the lines for node.name and cluster.name to uncomment them, and then change their values. Your first configuration changes in the /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml file will look like this:

...

node.name: "My First Node"
cluster.name: my-application
...

network.host: 127.0.0.1
http.port: 9200

sudo nano /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options

-Xms256m
-Xmx256m
...

$ sudo nano /usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service

curl -X GET 'http://localhost:9200'

Now we have finished installing Elasticsearch.

Now let’s install next component – Composer.

Step 5: Install Composer

In this tutorial, we will install Magento 2.4 using composer. First, run this command to download composer installer.

Move back to the root directory.

cd ~

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer -o composer-setup.php

sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/bin --filename=composer

composer

cd /var/www/html

sudo composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition=2.4.5 magento2

cd /var/www/html/<magento install directory>

sudo find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type f -exec chmod g+w {} +
sudo find var generated vendor pub/static pub/media app/etc -type d -exec chmod g+ws {} +
sudo chown -R user_name:www-data .
sudo chmod u+x bin/magento

Install Magento 2

Everything is ready, now we will run the final command to install Magento 2.4

First, change the current directory to your website folder (this is also where you downloaded Magento 2 data in step 3)

cd /var/www/html/<magento install directory>

php bin/magento setup:install --base-url=<your-domain> --db-host=localhost --db-name=magento2 --db-user=magento2 --db-password=<your-db-password-of-magento2-user> --admin-firstname=Admin --admin-lastname=Admin --admin-email=admin@admin.com --admin-user=admin --admin-password=<your-admin-password> --language=en_US --currency=USD --timezone=America/Chicago --backend-frontname=admin --search-engine=elasticsearch7 --elasticsearch-host=localhost --elasticsearch-port=9200

--base-url : your domain, eg: sonal.magento.com. You can change this base URL later if you make mistake.

--db-host : Database host, input localhost if you follow my tutorial

--db-name : name of the database we created in step 2

--db-user : name of the database user we created in step 2

--db-password : password of your mysql user

Now composer will start installing Magento 2.4. The process will take a while (approximately 20 minutes)

Wait until the installation is successful.

When everything is done you will see this

Congratulation, Magento 2.4 was successfully installed to your ubuntu server.

Change DocumentRoot To Pub

If you append a directory name to your server’s hostname or IP address to create the base URL when you installed Magento (for example http://<your-ip>/magento2 or http://<your-sever-hostname>/magento2), you’ll need to remove it.

Edit your virtual host file

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/sonal.magento.com.conf

Add the path to your Magento pub/ directory to the DocumentRoot directive:

Modify file as shown below:

Restart Apache for the changes to take effect:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

127.0.0.1 sonal.magento.com

127.0.0.1 sonal.magento.com

php bin/magento indexer:reindex && php bin/magento se:up && php bin/magento se:s:d -f && php bin/magento c:f && php bin/magento module:disable Magento_TwoFactorAuth

Hit the URL http://sonal.magento.com in the browser. This is Magento 2 Home page

Admin Login

Your Admin Url – http://sonal.magento.com/admin/ 

Wrapping up

I have tried my best to give you the step-by-step tutorial so that it will be helpful for users who are having trouble installing Magento 2.4. If you face any problems during installation process, please drop a comment below (better with image describing your problem). I will be happy to help!

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